Amid a series of arrests targeting 2SLGBTQ+ individuals in Senegal, there has been a decline in patient visits to certain HIV treatment centers, posing a threat to the country’s efforts in combating the virus, as per health officials and government data reviewed by Reuters. Recently, Senegal, where homosexuality is prohibited, extended the maximum prison sentence for same-sex activities to 10 years and criminalized any actions promoting it. The country also raised the maximum fine to 10 million CFA francs ($24,450).
Reports from local human rights activists and media outlets indicate that 86 individuals have been detained since the crackdown began in early February. Notably, in a raid on April 19 in Linguere, around 300 kilometers northeast of Dakar, 18 people were apprehended. Two convictions have been made under the new legislation, with charges including “acts against nature” and, in some instances, intentionally transmitting HIV. The exact number of arrests has not been disclosed by the government.
According to data from the Senegalese National Council for the Fight Against AIDS (CNLS), patients are avoiding crucial antiretroviral medications, which are essential for treating and suppressing HIV, due to concerns about potential arrest or mistreatment.
Despite requests for comments, no responses were received from a government spokesperson, police representative, or the lawmaker supporting the law. The publication of full names and HIV statuses by certain Senegalese media outlets has raised concerns about stigmatization and abuse for those arrested, as noted by Dr. Safiatou Thiam, a former health minister and CNLS executive director.
Senegal, among a few countries in West and Central Africa, has observed a rise in new HIV cases in recent years, as reported by UNAIDS.
One anonymous queer community health worker in Senegal, who previously distributed HIV prevention tools in Dakar, expressed fear of leaving their residence due to the current situation. They highlighted concerns about potential HIV-related deaths, people avoiding medication, and discontinuing treatment out of fear of association or visibility.
Recent discussions between supporters of the anti-2SLGBTQ+ bill in Senegal and a U.S.-based group labeling homosexuality a public health threat have raised further questions.
A survey conducted by CNLS at 22 HIV/AIDS treatment centers revealed a significant decrease in patient visits in February compared to January, with many individuals, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM), avoiding these sites due to fear of exposure, arrest, or harassment. The findings indicate a direct correlation between the arrests and the drop in patient numbers, emphasizing the potential impact on HIV transmission rates.
While Senegal’s HIV prevalence remains relatively low compared to other heavily affected African nations, there has been a notable increase in new infections. The World Health Organization has urged governments to address punitive laws, discrimination, and violence to prevent further HIV epidemics among vulnerable populations.
The suspension of interventions targeting key populations exposed to HIV/AIDS by the National Alliance Against AIDS reflects the challenges faced by health organizations in the current environment. Despite some individuals relocating to neighboring countries, many in Senegal are adopting a low profile to avoid scrutiny and potential discrimination.
The repercussions of the recent arrests on healthcare access and community support have left individuals in fear and uncertainty, underlining the urgent need for protective measures and support for marginalized groups in Senegal.